Naturaleza de las dispensaciones durante el servicio de guardia de fin de semana de las farmacias en la ciudad de Teruel / Nature of dispensations during the weekend guardservice of pharmacies in the city of Teruel

INTRODUCCIÓN: el trabajo que los farmacéuticos y otros profesionales sanitarios realizan durante el servicio de guardia tiene una importancia esencial, ya que asegura la accesibilidad al medicamento, ofreciendo consejo sanitario, seguimiento farmacoterapéutico y apoyo profesional a los pacientes fuera del horario habitual. OBJETIVO: conocer la naturaleza de las dispensaciones en el servicio de guardia de las farmacias de la ciudad de Teruel durante el fin de semana. METODOLOGÍA: estudio observacional descriptivo transversal realizado en tres farmacias comunitarias de la ciudad de Teruel. El primer período analizado comprende desde abril hasta junio de 2019 y el segundo en marzo de 2020, durante los cuatro fines de semana que las farmacias estudiadas estaban de guardia. RESULTADOS: de las 4.245 dispensaciones de los fines de semana analizadas en 2019, 1.059 (26,4 %) fueron medicamentos con prescripción realizada por servicios médicos de urgencia; 965 (21,8 %) de fármacos con prescripción crónica; 655 (15,2 %) no tenían prescripción médica de ningún tipo, pero se consideraron necesarios; 1.067 (25,8 %) no tenían prescripción médica y no se consideraron necesarios, y 499 (10,8 %) fueron dispensaciones no ortodoxas. CONCLUSIONES: el patrón de las dispensaciones durante las guardias de las farmacias es constante, independientemente de que el fin de semana sea ordinario, situación especial (Semana Santa) o situación de alarma ("COVID"). El servicio de urgencias farmacéutico no está siendo bien utilizado por la población, ya que el porcentaje de actuaciones farmacéuticas que tiene su origen en una urgencia médica es muy bajo

INTRODUCTION: The work that pharmacists and other healthcare professionals during the on-call service shades an importance that ensures accessibility to the drug, health advice, pharmacotherapeutic monitoring and profesional support to patients; out of regular hours. OBJECTIVES: Know the nature of the population in the guardservice of the pharmacies in the city of Teruel during the weekends. METHODOLOGY: Cross-sectional observational study conducted in three community pharmacies in the city of Teruel. The first period analyzed ranges from April to June 2019 and the second in March 2020, during the four weekends that the pharmacies studies were on call. RESULTS: Of the 4245 weekend dispensations analyzed in 2019: 1059 (26.4%)were prescription drugs performed by emergency medical services, 965 (21.8%) of chronically prescribed drugs, 655 (15.2%) did not have a prescription of any kind but were considered necessary, 1067 (25.8%) had no prescription and were not considered necessary and 499 (10,80%) were non-orthodox dispensations. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of dispensing during pharmacy guards is constant, independently of whether the weekend is ordinary, special situation (Easter) or an Alarm Situation ("COVID"). The pharmaceutical emergency service is not being used well by the population, the percentage of pharmaceutical actions that originate from a medical emergency is very low

Clearance of amyloid-beta peptide by neuronal and non-neuronal cells: proteolytic degradation by secreted and membrane associated proteases.

Deposition of amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) in the brain is an early and invariant feature of all forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). As for all proteins or peptides, the steady-state level of Abeta peptide is determined not only by its production, but also by its degradation. So, overactive proteases involved in generating Abeta from amyloid precursor protein or underactive Abeta-degrading enzymes could lead to abnormal Abeta deposition in the brain. Since in the sporadic forms of AD (90% of all AD cases) an impaired clearance of Abeta appears to be at the origin of its aggregation and tissue deposition, we have investigated its proteolytic degradation by several neuronal and non-neuronal cells. In this report, we show that these cell types exhibit a similar profile of Abeta-degradation by cell-surface and secreted proteases which were respectively characterized as metallo- and serine proteases. By using a combination of the liquid chromatography/on-line mass spectrometry, we demonstrate that: (i)-the membrane associated protease(s) hydrolizes Abeta40 essentially at Lys(28) Gly(29), Phe(19) Phe(20) and Val(18) Phe(19) bonds; and (ii)-the secreted protease(s) cleaves the generating fragments Abeta (1-28), Abeta (1-19), Abeta (1-18) at His(14) Gln(15) bond and also Abeta (1-28) at Phe(20) Ala(21) and Asp(23) Val(24) sites. This is the first time our results define a proteolytic degradation process of Abeta40 that appears to be independent of the cell type and may represent a general pattern of its enzymatic clearance.